Ethics Discovering Right and Wrong,9780534561383

Ethics Discovering Right and Wrong

by
ISBN13: 9780534561383
ISBN10: 0534561381
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2001-06-01
Publisher(s): Wadsworth Publishing
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Summary

How do you know right from wrong? ETHICS: DISCOVERING RIGHT AND WRONG shows you how history's greatest thinkers have understood ethics and gives you the tools to decide for yourself what's moral and immoral. And, of course, along the way youll master the basics of ethical philosophy.

Table of Contents

Preface xi
A Word to the Student: Why Study Moral Philosophy? xvii
Introduction: What Is Ethics?
1(23)
Morality as Compared with Other Normative Subjects
3(3)
Traits of Moral Principles
6(3)
Domains of Ethical Assessment
9(3)
Why Do We Need Morality?
12(4)
The Purposes of Morality
16(2)
Conclusion
18(2)
For Further Reflection
20(3)
For Further Reading
23(1)
Ethical Relativism: Who's to Judge What's Right and Wrong?
24(18)
An Analysis of Relativism
26(2)
Subjective Ethical Relativism (Subjectivism)
28(3)
Conventional Ethical Relativism (Conventionalism)
31(4)
A Critique of Ethical Relativism
35(3)
Conclusion
38(1)
For Further Reflection
39(2)
For Further Reading
41(1)
The Case for Moral Objectivism
42(19)
Natural Law
43(6)
Moderate Objectivism
49(5)
An Explanation of the Attraction of Ethical Relativism
54(3)
Conclusion
57(1)
For Further Reflection
58(1)
For Further Reading
59(2)
Value: The Quest for the Good
61(20)
What Types of Value Are There?
63(2)
What Things Are Good?
65(4)
Are Values Objective or Subjective?
69(2)
What Is the Relation of Value to Morality?
71(3)
What Is the Good Life?
74(5)
For Further Reflection
79(1)
For Further Reading
80(1)
Egoism, Self-Interest, and Altruism
81(23)
An Overview of the Problem
81(3)
Psychological Egoism
84(5)
Ethical Egoism
89(3)
A Critique of Ethical Egoism
92(2)
Attempted Refutations of Egoism
94(2)
Evolution and Altruism
96(3)
Egoism and the Problem of Posterity
99(1)
Conclusion
100(1)
For Further Reflection
101(1)
For Further Reading
102(2)
Utilitarianism
104(30)
What Is Utilitarianism?
107(4)
Two Types of Utilitarianism
111(4)
The Strengths and Weaknesses of Utilitarianism
115(3)
External Criticisms of Utilitarianism
118(3)
Utilitarian Responses to Standard Objections
121(5)
The Problem of Posterity
126(2)
Conclusion
128(2)
For Further Reflection
130(2)
For Further Reading
132(2)
Kantian and Deontological Systems
134(25)
Two Types of Deontological Systems
134(4)
Kant's Rule-Deontological System
138(3)
The Categorical Imperative
141(8)
Kant's Other Formulations of the Categorical Imperative
149(4)
Kant's Ethics and Religion
153(1)
A Reconciliation Project
154(3)
For Further Reflection
157(1)
For Further Reading
158(1)
Virtue-Based Ethical Systems
159(23)
The Aretaic Critique of Action-Based (Deontic) Ethical Systems
160(4)
The Nature of Virtue Ethics
164(5)
Types of Relationships between Virtue Ethics and Action Ethics
169(8)
Conclusion
177(3)
For Further Reflection
180(1)
For Further Reading
180(2)
Why Should I Be Moral?
182(12)
The Paradox of Morality and Self-Interest
186(6)
For Further Reflection
192(1)
For Further Reading
193(1)
Religion and Ethics
194(17)
Does Morality Depend on Religion?
195(4)
Is Religious Ethics Essentially Different from Secular Ethics?
199(1)
Is Religion Irrelevant or Even Inimical to Morality?
200(3)
Does Religion Enhance the Moral Life?
203(4)
Conclusion
207(2)
For Further Reflection
209(1)
For Further Reading
210(1)
The Fact-Value Problem: Metaethics in the 20th Century
211(28)
Nonnaturalism
213(4)
Emotivism
217(5)
Prescriptivism
222(10)
The Renaissance of Naturalism
232(3)
Conclusion
235(2)
For Further Reflection
237(1)
For Further Reading
238(1)
Moral Realism and the Challenge of Skepticism
239(16)
Mackie's Error Theory of Morality
242(4)
Harman's Moral Nihilism
246(5)
Conclusion
251(2)
For Further Reflection
253(1)
For Further Reading
253(2)
A Concluding Reflection: Minimal Morality, Virtue Ethics, and the Development of Character 255(6)
Appendix 1 An Analysis of the Modified Divine Command Theory 261(6)
A Critique of the Modified Divine Command Theory
263(4)
Appendix 2 How to Read and Write a Philosophy Paper 267(4)
Suggestions for Reading a Philosophy Text
268(1)
Suggestions for Writing a Philosophy Paper
269(2)
Glossary 271(8)
Index 279

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