Introduction to Bioinformatics

by ;
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2001-05-30
Publisher(s): Benjamin Cummings
List Price: $85.60

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Summary

Bioinformatics, the application of computers in biological sciences and especially analysis of biological sequence data, is becoming an essential tool in molecular biology as genome projects generate vast quantities of data. With new sequences being added to DNA databases, on average, once a minute, there is a pressing need to convert this information into biochemical and biophysical knowledge by deciphering the structural, functional and evolutionary clues encoded in the language of biological sequences. The unique combination of this timely text and its linked World Wide Web site provide an ideal guide to bioinformatics for newcomers to the field, focusing on two key areas; genomic and protein sequence analysis. The text begins by introducing the most popular databases (protein and nucleic acid), information resources and analysis methods (sequence alignment and pattern recognition) currently available providing the basis for readers to progress to hands-on practical sequence analysis. Chapter 9 then provides a tutorial directly linked to a real application, in the form of an internationally acclaimed interactive bioinformatics practical on the World Wide Web. The authors aim to encourage a thoughtful approach to sequence analysis and emphasise underlying concepts since, in this rapidly developing area, the specifics will change very quickly. Features: Unique guide to bioinformatics linked to an interactive practical on the World Wide Web Introduces key databases, tools and resources and outlines pitfalls of methods The Web link provides an excellent opportunity to integrate conventional and Web-based publishing, allowing interactive exploration of concepts discussed in the book *Clear two-colour diagrams with full-colour counterparts available on the Web site *Includes numerous Further Reading suggestions, Web references and a useful Glossary Dr Teresa K Attwood is a Royal Society University Research fellow and Senior Lecturer in the School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK, Visiting Fellow at the European Bioinformatics Institute and author and curator of the PRINTS protein fingerprint database. Dr David J Parry-Smith is Informatics Director at Cambridge Drug Discovery Limited, Cambridge, UK, with main interests in algorithm development Introduction to Bioinformatics provides an undergraduate (final year) and MSc level introduction to bioinformatics but will be helpful to beginners at all stages, whether in academia or industry.

Table of Contents

Preface xii
Overview xv
Introduction xvi
Information networks xvii
Protein information resources xvii
Genome information resources xvii
DNA sequence analysis xviii
Pairwise alignment techniques xviii
Multiple sequence alignment xviii
Secondary database searching xviii
Building a sequence search protocol xix
Analysis packages xix
Introduction
1(18)
Introduction
1(1)
The dawn of sequencing
1(1)
What is bioinformatics?
2(1)
The biological sequence/structure deficit
3(1)
Genome projects
4(2)
Status of the human genome project
6(1)
Why is bioinformatics important?
6(1)
Pattern recognition and prediction
7(2)
The folding problem
9(1)
The role of chaperones
10(1)
Sequence analysis
10(2)
Homology and analogy
12(1)
The devil is in the detail
13(3)
Summary
16(1)
Further reading
16(3)
Information networks
19(16)
Introduction
19(1)
What is the Internet?
19(1)
How do computers find each other?
19(1)
Facilities used on the Internet
20(1)
What is the World Wide Web?
21(1)
Web browsers
21(3)
HTTP, HTML and URLs
24(1)
The European Molecular Biology network-EMBnet
24(6)
The National Center for Biotechnology Information-NCBI
30(1)
Virtual tourism
31(2)
Summary
33(1)
Further reading
33(1)
Web addresses
34(1)
Protein information resources
35(34)
Introduction
35(1)
Biological databases
35(1)
Primary sequence databases
36(7)
Composite protein sequence databases
43(2)
Secondary databases
45(17)
Composite protein pattern databases
62(1)
Structure classification databases
62(3)
Summary
65(1)
Further reading
66(1)
Web addresses
67(2)
Genome information resources
69(12)
Introduction
69(1)
DNA sequence databases
69(6)
Specialised genomic resources
75(3)
Summary
78(1)
Further reading
78(2)
Web addresses
80(1)
DNA sequence analysis
81(27)
Introduction
81(1)
Why analyse DNA?
81(1)
Gene structure and DNA sequences
82(3)
Features of DNA sequence analysis
85(4)
Issues in the interpretation of EST searches
89(4)
Two approaches to gene hunting
93(1)
The expression profile of a cell
94(1)
cDNA libraries and ESTs
95(1)
Different approaches to EST analysis
96(4)
Effects of EST data on DNA databases
100(3)
A practical example of EST analysis
103(3)
Summary
106(1)
Further reading
107(1)
Pairwise alignment techniques
108(24)
Introduction
108(1)
Database searching
108(1)
Alphabets and complexity
109(1)
Algorithms and programs
109(1)
Comparing two sequences-a simple case
109(1)
Sub-sequences
110(1)
Identity and similarity
111(5)
The Dotplot
116(3)
Local and global similarity
119(1)
Global alignment: the Needleman and Wunsch algorithm
119(3)
Local alignment: the Smith-Waterman algorithm
122(3)
Dynamic programming
125(1)
Pairwise database searching
125(5)
Summary
130(1)
Further reading
131(1)
Multiple sequence alignment
132(13)
Introduction
132(1)
The goal of multiple sequence alignment
132(1)
Multiple sequence alignment: a definition
133(1)
The consensus
134(1)
Computational complexity
134(1)
Manual methods
135(1)
Simultaneous methods
136(1)
Progressive methods
136(1)
Databases of multiple alignments
137(4)
Searching databases with multiple alignments
141(1)
Summary
142(1)
Further reading
143(2)
Secondary database searching
145(18)
Introduction
145(1)
Why bother with secondary database searches?
145(1)
What's in a secondary database?
146(15)
Summary
161(1)
Further reading
162(1)
Building a sequence search protocol
163(22)
Introduction
163(1)
A practical approach
163(15)
When to believe a result
178(1)
Structural and functional interpretation
179(5)
Summary
184(1)
Further reading
184(1)
Analysis packages
185(14)
Introduction
185(1)
What's in an analysis package?
185(3)
Commercial databases
188(1)
Commercial software
188(1)
Comprehensive packages
189(3)
Packages specialising in DNA analysis
192(1)
Intranet packages
193(1)
Internet packages
194(3)
Summary
197(1)
Further reading
198(1)
Web addresses
198(1)
Glossary 199(12)
Index 211

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