Public Speaking, Fifth Edition,9780395960080

Public Speaking, Fifth Edition

by Unknown
Edition: 5th
ISBN13: 9780395960080
ISBN10: 0395960088
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1999-07-21
Publisher(s): Wadsworth Publishing
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Table of Contents

Preface xiii
List of Speeches
xxi
PART ONE The Foundations of Public Speaking 1(86)
You as a Public Speaker
2(26)
How a Public Speaking Course Can Help You
4(6)
Personal Benefits
4(2)
Social Benefits
6(2)
Cultural Benefits
8(2)
Public Speaking as Communication
10(8)
Public Speaking as Expanded Conversation
11(2)
Distinctive Features of Public Speaking
13(5)
Communication as Transformation
18(1)
You as an Ethical Speaker
18(10)
Respect for the Integrity of Ideas
19(3)
Concern for Listeners
22(1)
In Summary
23(1)
Terms to Know
24(1)
Application
25(1)
Notes
26(2)
Your First Speech
28(30)
Managing the Impressions You Make
30(4)
Competence
30(1)
Integrity
30(1)
Likableness
31(1)
Forcefulness
32(2)
Building Your First Speech
34(4)
Selecting a Topic
34(1)
Finding Material for Your Speech
35(1)
Designing Your Speech
36(2)
Outlining Your First Speech
38(2)
Presenting Your First Speech
40(2)
Spotlight the Ideas
40(1)
Sound Natural
40(1)
Key-Word Outline
40(1)
Practice Your Speech
41(1)
Controlling Communication Apprehension
42(4)
Introducing Yourself and Others
46(9)
In Summary
50(1)
Terms to Know
51(1)
Application
51(2)
Notes
53(2)
Three Photographs
55(1)
Ashley Smith
Family Gifts
56(2)
Marie D'Aniello
Becoming a Better Listener
58(29)
The Nature and Importance of Effective Listening
60(4)
The Ladder of Listening
61(1)
Benefits of Effective Listening
62(2)
Overcoming Barriers to Effective Listening
64(8)
External Sources of Interference
64(2)
Internal Sources of Interference
66(6)
Developing Critical Thinking and Listening Skills
72(3)
Evaluating Speeches
75(6)
Overall Considerations
76(2)
Evaluating Substance
78(1)
Evaluating Structure
79(1)
Evaluating Presentation Skills
80(1)
Ethical Responsibilities of a Listener
81(6)
In Summary
83(1)
Terms to Know
84(1)
Notes
84(3)
PART TWO Preparation for Public Speaking 87(158)
Adapting to Your Audience and Situation
88(36)
Adapting to Audience Dynamics
90(5)
Motivation
90(4)
Attitude Systems
94(1)
Adjusting to Audience Demographics
95(8)
Age
98(1)
Gender
99(1)
Educational Level
100(1)
Group Affiliations
100(2)
Sociocultural Background
102(1)
Meeting the Challenges of Audience Diversity
103(4)
Stereotypes and Bias
103(1)
Ethnocentrism, Sexism, and Racism
104(2)
Finding Common Ground
106(1)
Adjusting to the Communication Situation
107(10)
Time
108(1)
Place
109(1)
Occasion
110(1)
Size of Audience
110(1)
Context
110(2)
In Summary
112(1)
Terms to Know
113(1)
Notes
113(4)
Diversity Resources on the Internet
117(7)
Selecting and Researching Your Topic
124(38)
Finding a Good Topic
127(5)
Charting Interests
128(2)
Analyzing Your Topic
130(2)
Selecting Your Topic
132(1)
Determining Your Purpose
132(5)
General Function
132(1)
Specific Purpose
133(1)
Thesis Statement and Preview
134(3)
Acquiring Responsible Knowledge
137(15)
Personal Knowledge and Experience
138(1)
The Internet as a Research Tool
139(2)
Using Library and Internet Resources
141(3)
Interviewing for Information
144(4)
Taking Notes on Your Research
148(1)
Testing Information
149(1)
In Summary
150(1)
Terms to Know
151(1)
Notes
151(1)
A Guide to Library and Internet Resources
152(10)
Using Supporting Materials in Your Speech
162(26)
Facts and Statistics
163(6)
Facts
164(1)
Statistics
165(1)
Evaluating Facts and Statistics
166(2)
Using Facts and Statistics
168(1)
Testimony
169(5)
Expert Testimony
170(1)
Lay Testimony
171(1)
Prestige Testimony
172(1)
Evaluating and Using Testimony
173(1)
Examples
174(3)
Types of Examples
175(2)
Evaluating and Using Examples
177(1)
Narratives
177(4)
Evaluating Narratives
180(1)
Three Techniques for Using Supporting Materials
181(3)
Comparison
181(1)
Contrast
182(1)
Analogy
183(1)
Deciding What Supporting Material You Should Use
184(4)
In Summary
185(1)
Terms to Know
186(1)
Notes
186(2)
Structuring Your Speech
188(28)
Principles of Good Form
190(3)
Simplicity
190(1)
Balance
191(1)
Order
192(1)
Structuring the Body of Your Speech
193(5)
Select Your Main Points
193(1)
Arranging Your Main Points
194(2)
Adding Supporting Materials
196(2)
Using Transitions
198(2)
Introducing Your Message
200(9)
Capturing Attention
200(8)
Establishing Your Credibility
208(1)
Preview Your Message
209(1)
Selecting and Using Introductory Techniques
209(1)
Developing an Effective Conclusion
209(7)
Summarizing Your Message
210(1)
Concluding Remarks
210(3)
In Summary
213(1)
Terms to Know
214(1)
Notes
214(2)
Outlining Your Speech
216(29)
Developing a Working Outline
218(6)
Developing Your Main Points
218(2)
Developing Subpoints
220(1)
Completing Your Working Outline
221(3)
Developing a Formal Outline
224(12)
Topic, Specific Purpose, and Thesis Statement
224(1)
Separation of Speech Parts
225(1)
Numbering and Lettering Your Outline
226(1)
Wording Your Outline
227(1)
Supporting Your Main Points
228(1)
Title
228(1)
Changing Your Working Outline to a Formal Outline
229(1)
Listing Your References
230(6)
Developing a Key-Word Outline
236(4)
In Summary
238(1)
Terms to Know
238(1)
Notes
239(1)
Annotated Sample Speech Warming Our World and Chilling Our Future
240(5)
PART THREE Developing Presentation Skills 245(86)
Presentation Aids
246(28)
Uses and Advantages of Presentation Aids
247(1)
Kinds of Presentation Aids
248(10)
People
248(1)
Objects and Models
249(1)
Graphics
250(6)
Pictures
256(2)
Presentation Media
258(8)
Flip Charts
259(1)
Poster Board
259(1)
Handouts
260(1)
Chalk and Marker Boards
261(1)
Overhead Projections and Slides
262(1)
Videotapes and Audiotapes
263(1)
Computer-Generated Materials and Computer-Assisted Presentations
263(2)
Ethical Considerations
265(1)
Preparing Presentation Aids
266(3)
Principles of Design
266(1)
Principles of Color
267(1)
Making Presentation Aids
268(1)
Using Presentation Aids
269(5)
In Summary
270(1)
Terms to Know
271(1)
Notes
271(3)
Using Language Effectively
274(26)
The Power of the Spoken Word
275(7)
The Power to Make Listeners See
277(1)
The Power to Awaken Feelings
278(2)
The Power to Bring Listeners Together
280(1)
The Power to Encourage Action
281(1)
Using Language Resources
282(8)
Resources That Shape Audience Perceptions
282(2)
Resources That Help Arouse Feelings
284(2)
Resources That Bring People Together
286(2)
Resources That Encourage Action
288(2)
Standards for Using Language Resources
290(10)
Clarity
290(2)
Color
292(1)
Concreteness
293(1)
Correctness
294(1)
Conciseness
295(1)
Cultural Sensitivity
296(1)
In Summary
296(1)
Terms to Know
297(1)
Notes
298(2)
Presenting Your Speech
300(31)
What Makes a Presentation Effective?
301(2)
Methods of Presentation
303(8)
Impromptu Speaking
303(2)
Memorized Text Presentation
305(1)
Reading from a Manuscript
305(2)
Extemporaneous Speaking
307(1)
Handling Questions and Answers
308(3)
Using Your Voice Effectively
311(9)
Pitch
311(2)
Rate
313(3)
Loudness
316(1)
Variety
317(1)
Patterns of Speaking
318(2)
Using Your Body to Communicate
320(11)
Facial Expressions and Eye Contact
320(1)
Movement and Gestures
321(2)
Personal Appearance
323(1)
The Importance of Practice
323(2)
In Summary
325(1)
Terms to Know
326(1)
Application
327(2)
Notes
329(2)
PART FOUR Types of Public Speaking 331(116)
Informative Speaking
332(28)
The Functions of Informative Speaking
333(3)
Sharing Information and Ideas
334(1)
Shaping Audience Perceptions
334(1)
Setting the Agenda
335(1)
Clarifying Options
335(1)
Helping Your Audience Learn
336(4)
Motivation
336(1)
Attention
337(2)
Retention
339(1)
Types of Informative Speeches
340(4)
Speeches of Description
340(1)
Speeches of Demonstration
341(1)
Speeches of Explanation
342(1)
Briefings
343(1)
Speech Designs
344(12)
Spatial Design
345(1)
Sequential Design
345(3)
Categorical Design
348(1)
Comparative Design
349(2)
Causation Design
351(1)
Combined Speech Designs
352(1)
In Summary
353(1)
Terms to Know
354(1)
Notes
354(2)
What Friends Are All About
356(4)
Marie D'Aniello
Persuasive Speaking
360(28)
Seven Characteristics of Persuasive Speaking
363(2)
The Process of Persuasion
365(3)
The Challenges of Persuasion
368(6)
Enticing a Reluctant Audience to Listen
368(3)
Removing Barriers to Commitment
371(1)
Moving from Attitude to Action
372(1)
The Challenge of Ethical Persuasion
373(1)
Major Persuasive Functions
374(2)
Addressing Attitudes and Values
374(1)
Urging Action
375(1)
Contending with Opposition
375(1)
Designs for Persuasive Speaking
376(9)
Problem-Solution Design
376(2)
Motivated Sequence Design
378(2)
Refutative Design
380(1)
In Summary
381(2)
Terms to Know
383(1)
Notes
383(2)
We Don't Have to Live in Slums
385(3)
Anna Aley
Evidence, Proof, and Argument
388(32)
Using Evidence Effectively
389(4)
Facts and Statistics
390(1)
Examples
390(1)
Narratives
391(1)
Testimony
392(1)
Proving Your Points
393(6)
Logos
393(1)
Pathos
394(1)
Ethos
395(1)
Mythos
396(2)
Weaving the Fabric of Proof
398(1)
Forming Arguments
399(8)
Dedictive Argument
399(3)
Inductive Argument
402(3)
Analogical Argument
405(1)
The Importance of Defining Terms
406(1)
Avoiding Defective Persuasion
407(9)
Defective Evidence
407(3)
Defective Proof
410(1)
Defective Arguments
410(2)
Fallacies Related to Particular Designs
412(1)
In Summary
413(1)
Terms to Know
414(1)
Notes
415(1)
Reduce, Refuse, Reuse
416(4)
James Cardoza
Ceremonial Speaking
420(27)
Techniques of Ceremonial Speaking
422(3)
Identification
422(1)
Magnification
423(2)
Types of Ceremonial Speeches
425(17)
The Speech of Tribute
425(5)
Acceptance Speeches
430(1)
The Speech of Introduction
431(1)
The Speech of Inspiration
432(3)
The After-Dinner Speech
435(2)
Master of Ceremonies
437(2)
In Summary
439(1)
Terms to Know
440(1)
Notes
440(2)
A Man for the New Age: Tribute to Tiger Woods
442(2)
Leslie Eason
Reach for the Stars!
444(3)
Ashlie McMillan
Appendix A Communicating in Small Groups 447(15)
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Group Problem Solving
448(2)
Group Problem-Solving Techniques
450(3)
Reflective Thinking and Problem Solving
450(2)
Other Approaches to Group Problem Solving
452(1)
Participating in Small Groups
453(2)
Leadership in Small Groups
455(3)
Planning Meetings
456(1)
Conducting an Effective Meeting
457(1)
Guidelines for Formal Meetings
458(4)
Notes
459(3)
Appendix B Speeches for Analysis 462(35)
My Three Cultures
464(1)
Sandra Baltz
Free at Last
465(2)
Rodney Nishikawa
The New Madrid Earthquake Area
467(4)
Stephen Huff
The `Monument' at Wounded Knee
471(2)
Cecile Larson
The Trouble with Numbers
473(2)
Stephen Lee
Living Wills: Ensuring Your Right to Choose
475(3)
Bonnie Marshall
Secondhand Smoke
478(2)
Gina Norman
Pesticides Speech
480(2)
Cesar Chavez
Nobel Peace Prize Acceptance Speech
482(2)
Elie Wiesel
Award Ceremony Honoring Wilma Rudolph with presentations
484(2)
Tom Brokaw
Bill Cosby
Gail Devers
Ed Temple
Wilma Rudolph
Address to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women
486(5)
Hillary Rodham Clinton
Women in Public Life Commencement Address
491(2)
Elizabeth Dole
Martin Luther King at the Mountaintop
493(4)
John Scipio
Glossary 497(6)
Photo Credits 503(2)
Index 505

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