Testing UMTS Assuring Conformance and Quality of UMTS User Equipment
by Fox, DanielEdition: 1st
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2008-05-05
Publisher(s): Wiley
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Summary
Testing UMTS addresses the challenges facing anyone testing a mobile handset. It covers the various types of testing that a new handset must go through - conformance, certification, and acceptance with operators (e.g.) - in order to be approved for commercial release. It also: Looks at typical interoperability and development testing methods. Provides practical advice on planning and carrying out handset testing. Offers advice on products, services and resources that aid the testing process.
Author Biography
Daniel Fox currently works for Anritsu - the world leader in measurement systems for ISDN optical communications — as Director of Technology. He has overall responsibility for system architecture for the company's wireless test and measurement platforms.
Daniel has been at Anritsu since 1999 and, prior to his appointment as Director of Technology, managed the business unit responsible for protocol test software solutions for UMTS. He served as an official in the 3GPP standards programme, first as the Chair of the signaling sub-working group that developed the protocol conformance test specifications, and later as Convener of that group and Vice-Chair of the terminals working group. Before joining Anritsu Daniel worked for Motorola Semiconductors for almost 10 years.
He has a degree in Applied Physics and Biology from the University of Wales, University College Swansea.
Table of Contents
| Preface | p. xi |
| Acknowledgements | p. xiii |
| Testing Methodologies | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 3 |
| Important Definitions | p. 3 |
| 3rd-Generation Partnership Project | p. 4 |
| UMTS, UTRAN and GERAN | p. 4 |
| User Equipment | p. 4 |
| Scope | p. 5 |
| Overview of the Industry | p. 6 |
| Network Operators | p. 6 |
| UE Manufacturers | p. 7 |
| Component Suppliers | p. 7 |
| Testing Services | p. 7 |
| Standards Bodies and Certification Bodies | p. 7 |
| Introduction to UMTS | p. 9 |
| The History of UMTS | p. 9 |
| The 3GPP | p. 12 |
| Organization of 3GPP | p. 12 |
| Goals and Achievements | p. 13 |
| Types of Testing | p. 15 |
| The Purposes of Testing | p. 15 |
| The Expectations on an Equipment Developer | p. 17 |
| Differences with Other Markets | p. 18 |
| Testing Through the Life Cycle | p. 18 |
| Integration Testing | p. 23 |
| Definition | p. 23 |
| Getting Things Working | p. 23 |
| Keeping Things Working | p. 26 |
| Automation | p. 27 |
| Conformance Testing | p. 29 |
| History | p. 29 |
| The Importance of Different Type Approval Areas | p. 39 |
| The Origins of UMTS Conformance | p. 30 |
| Specifications | p. 31 |
| Releases | p. 31 |
| Work Items | p. 32 |
| Stages | p. 33 |
| Conformance Specifications | p. 34 |
| Structure of Conformance Specifications | p. 36 |
| RAN5 Specifications | p. 37 |
| TS 34.108 | p. 38 |
| Hierarchy of Test Parameters | p. 42 |
| TS 34.109 | p. 43 |
| TS 34.121 | p. 44 |
| TS 34.122 | p. 46 |
| TS 34.123 | p. 46 |
| TS 34.124 | p. 50 |
| TS 34.171 | p. 50 |
| Other Conformance Specifications | p. 51 |
| Universal Subscriber Interface Module | p. 51 |
| Codec Testing | p. 51 |
| Main Organizations Involved and Their Aims | p. 52 |
| Process | p. 53 |
| Specifications, Versions and Change Control | p. 53 |
| TTCN Test Cases (Signalling) | p. 54 |
| The GCF and Test Case Validation | p. 55 |
| The PCS Type Certification Review Board | p. 57 |
| Certification | p. 57 |
| The R&TTE Directive and CE Marking | p. 57 |
| The United States and Japan | p. 58 |
| GCF Certification | p. 59 |
| The PTCRB | p. 61 |
| Interoperability Testing | p. 63 |
| What is Interoperability Testing? | p. 63 |
| Interoperability Laboratories | p. 64 |
| Simulators and Interoperability | p. 65 |
| Interoperability and Certification | p. 65 |
| Ways in Which Interoperability Testing is Carried Out | p. 66 |
| Live Network Testing | p. 66 |
| Test Networks | p. 67 |
| System Simulators | p. 67 |
| Simulators and Network Emulators | p. 68 |
| Typical Sources of Tests | p. 69 |
| Testing Beyond Development | p. 71 |
| Manufacturing Testing | p. 71 |
| Radio Testing | p. 72 |
| Call Processing Testing | p. 73 |
| Service Testing | p. 73 |
| UE Repair | p. 74 |
| Testing by Layer | p. 75 |
| Testing the Physical Layer | p. 77 |
| Overview of the UMTS WCDMA Physical Layer | p. 77 |
| WCDMA and Power Control | p. 77 |
| Scrambling and Spreading | p. 78 |
| Channel Coding | p. 80 |
| Channels and Frames | p. 82 |
| Physical Channels | p. 84 |
| Transport Blocks and TFs | p. 85 |
| Modulation | p. 89 |
| Reference Measurement Channels | p. 90 |
| Transmitter Testing | p. 92 |
| Methods of Testing | p. 92 |
| Transmitter Characteristics | p. 94 |
| Receiver Characteristics | p. 108 |
| Receiver Sensitivity (Reference Sensitivity Level) | p. 108 |
| Maximum Input Level | p. 110 |
| Adjacent Channel Selectivity | p. 110 |
| Blocking Characteristics | p. 111 |
| Spurious Response | p. 112 |
| Intermodulation Characteristics | p. 112 |
| Spurious Emissions | p. 113 |
| Interactions with GSM Technology | p. 114 |
| Performance Testing | p. 115 |
| RF Conformance Test Systems | p. 118 |
| Testing the Baseband in Isolation | p. 118 |
| Testing of Layer 2 | p. 121 |
| Introduction | p. 121 |
| Overview of the RAN Layers | p. 121 |
| Transport Channels and Logical Channels | p. 121 |
| Testing the MAC Layer | p. 124 |
| Overview of the MAC | p. 124 |
| MAC Test Methodology | p. 124 |
| The MAC-c/sh/m | p. 125 |
| The MAC-d | p. 127 |
| The MAC Header | p. 128 |
| Conformance Tests for the MAC Headers | p. 130 |
| The RACH Procedure | p. 130 |
| Testing the RLC Layer | p. 132 |
| Overview of the RLC | p. 132 |
| TM-RLC | p. 133 |
| UM-RLC | p. 133 |
| AM-RLC | p. 135 |
| Testing the RLC | p. 141 |
| Packet Data Convergence Protocol | p. 143 |
| PDCP Testing | p. 144 |
| Broadcast/Multicast Control | p. 146 |
| Testing of Layer 3 | p. 147 |
| Overview of the Network Architecture | p. 147 |
| The RRC | p. 150 |
| Main Functions | p. 150 |
| RRC States | p. 152 |
| Areas and Identities | p. 154 |
| Broadcast of System Information | p. 155 |
| RRC Connection Management | p. 156 |
| Radio Bearer Control Procedures | p. 157 |
| Mobility Control | p. 159 |
| RRC Measurement Procedures | p. 163 |
| Nonaccess Stratum | p. 168 |
| Network Operating Mode | p. 169 |
| Mobility Management | p. 169 |
| GPRS Mobility Management | p. 170 |
| Testing MM | p. 171 |
| Call Control | p. 171 |
| Session Management | p. 173 |
| Short Message Service | p. 175 |
| Testing Protocol | p. 179 |
| Protocol Test Systems (System Simulators) | p. 179 |
| Protocols | p. 181 |
| Signalling Procedures | p. 184 |
| Setting up Cells | p. 184 |
| Configuring Channels | p. 186 |
| Location Update | p. 186 |
| Mobile-Originated Circuit-Switched Call | p. 189 |
| GPRS Attach | p. 191 |
| PDP Context Activation | p. 191 |
| PS Session with State Transitions | p. 194 |
| Soft Handover (Active Set Update) | p. 195 |
| Testing System Aspects | p. 197 |
| Idle Mode Procedures | p. 197 |
| PLMN Selection | p. 197 |
| PLMN Types and Cell Types | p. 198 |
| Cell Selection and Reselection | p. 198 |
| Hierarchical Cell Selection | p. 200 |
| Testing Idle Mode | p. 200 |
| Measurements and RRM | p. 202 |
| Measurements | p. 204 |
| Typical Test Systems | p. 206 |
| High-Speed Packet Access | p. 207 |
| Introduction | p. 207 |
| Physical Layer | p. 208 |
| Hybrid ARQ | p. 210 |
| RF Tests for HSPA | p. 212 |
| Transmitter Tests | p. 212 |
| Receiver Tests | p. 212 |
| The Future | p. 213 |
| Future Trends in Testing | p. 215 |
| Testing Earlier in the Development Cycle | p. 215 |
| Virtual Testing | p. 215 |
| Earlier Use of Conformance Testing | p. 216 |
| IMS and Technology Convergence | p. 216 |
| Testing IMS | p. 218 |
| Evolving Testing Technologies | p. 219 |
| TTCN 3 | p. 219 |
| Graphical Tools | p. 220 |
| Future Cellular Network Technologies | p. 221 |
| Tree and Tabular Combined Notation | p. 223 |
| Introduction to TTCN | p. 223 |
| Basic Concepts | p. 223 |
| Test Methodology | p. 225 |
| Dynamic Behaviour | p. 227 |
| Constraints | p. 228 |
| Receive Constraints | p. 230 |
| Mapping to a Real Test System | p. 233 |
| TTCN Statements | p. 234 |
| TTCN Execution | p. 235 |
| Test Steps | p. 238 |
| Program Flow Control | p. 239 |
| TTCN and ASN.1 | p. 239 |
| Test Suite Structure | p. 240 |
| Approach to Testing | p. 240 |
| Glossary | p. 243 |
| References | p. 249 |
| Index | p. 255 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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