Web Design in a Nutshell,9780596009878

Web Design in a Nutshell

by
Edition: 3rd
ISBN13: 9780596009878
ISBN10: 0596009879
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2006-04-30
Publisher(s): Oreilly & Associates Inc
List Price: $42.40

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Summary

Web Design in a Nutshell, 3rd Edition contains the nitty- gritty on everything readers need to know to design web pages. It's the good stuff, without the fluff, written and organised so that answers can be found quickly. This completely revised and expanded edition is chock-full of information about the wide range of front-end technologies and techniques from which web designers and authors must draw. It is an excellent reference for HTML tags with special attention given to browser support, platform idiosyncrasies, and standards. This update stresses the importance of creating pages the 'right' way. It includes more content on the integration of XHTML and a new section with expanded information on Cascading Style Sheets. All chapters are updated to reflect the current technologies. This book is an indispensable tool for web designers and authors of all levels.

Author Biography

  1. Jennifer Niederst Robbins

    Jennifer Niederst Robbins was one of the first designers for the Web. As the designer of O'Reilly's Global Network Navigator (GNN), the first commercial web site, she has been designing for the Web since 1993. Since then, she has worked as the creative director of Songline Studios (a former subsidiary of O'Reilly) and as a freelance designer and consultant since 1996. She is the author of the bestselling "Web Design in a Nutshell" and "Learning Web Design (O'Reilly), and she has taught web design at the Massachusetts College of Art in Boston and Johnson and Wales University in Providence. She has spoken at major design and Internet events including SXSW Interactive, Seybold Seminars, the GRAFILL conference (Geilo, Norway), and one of the first W3C International Expos. In addition to designing, Jennifer enjoys cooking, travel, indie-rock, and making stuff. She maintains her own professional web site at http://www.littlechair.com as well.

Table of Contents

Foreword xv
Contributors xvii
Technical Reviewers xix
Preface xxi
Part I. The Web Environment
1. Web Standards
3(9)
What Are Standards?
3(3)
Current Web Standards
6(3)
Standards-Driven Design
9(2)
For Further Reading
11(1)
2. Designing for a Variety of Browsers
12(15)
Browser History
12(2)
Browser Roll-Call
14(5)
Gathering Usage Statistics
19(1)
Learning from Browser Statistics
20(2)
Dealing with Browser Differences
22(3)
Know Your Audience
25(1)
Test!
25(2)
3. Designing for a Variety of Displays
27(15)
Designing for Unknown Monitor Resolutions
28(2)
Fixed Versus Liquid Web Pages
30(7)
Designing "Above the Fold"
37(1)
Mobile Devices
37(5)
4. A Beginner's Guide to the Server
42(14)
Servers 101
42(4)
Unix Directory Structures
46(4)
File Naming Conventions
50(1)
Uploading Documents (FTP)
50(3)
File (MIME) Types
53(3)
5. Accessibility
56(16)
Types of Disabilities
56(1)
Overview of Assistive Technology
57(2)
Who Is Responsible for Accessibility?
59(1)
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
60(4)
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 (WCAG 2.0)
64(1)
Standards Variations and Section 508
64(1)
Web Accessibility Techniques
65(3)
Testing for Accessibility
68(4)
6. Internationalization
72(17)
Character Sets and Encoding
73(5)
Character References
78(2)
Language Features
80(4)
Style Sheets Language Features
84(1)
For Further Reading
85(4)
Part II. The Structural Layer: XML and (X)HTML
7. Introduction to XML
89(24)
XML Basics
90(1)
How It Works
91(2)
XML Document Syntax
93(3)
Well-Formed XML
96(1)
Document Type Definition (DTD)
97(6)
XML Namespaces
103(1)
XML on the Web
104(1)
Web-Related XML Applications
105(7)
Where to Learn More
112(1)
8. HTML and XHTML Overview
113(17)
The Role of HTML
114(1)
Markup Basics
115(4)
Introduction to XHTML
119(3)
Which Standard Is Right for You?
122(1)
Well-Formed XHTML
123(3)
Web Authoring Tools
126(2)
Good Authoring Practices
128(2)
9. Document Structure
130(14)
Minimal Document Structure
130(2)
Document Type Declaration
132(3)
The Root Element
135(1)
The Document Header
136(6)
The Document Body
142(2)
10. Text Elements
144(25)
Choosing Text Elements
145(1)
The Building Blocks of Content
146(3)
Inline Elements
149(3)
Deleted and Inserted Text
152(1)
Generic Elements (div and span)
153(3)
Lists
156(5)
Presentational Elements
161(6)
Character Entity References
167(2)
11. Creating Links
169(9)
Simple Hypertext Links
169(2)
Linking Within a Document
171(2)
Targeting Windows
173(1)
Alternative Protocols
173(2)
Linking Documents with link
175(3)
12. Images and Objects
178(27)
Inline Images
178(8)
Image Maps
186(6)
Embedded Media
192(9)
Java Applets
201(2)
Inline (Floating) Frames
203(2)
13. Tables
205(27)
Table Uses
206(1)
Basic Table Structure
207(6)
Row Groups
213(1)
Columns and Column Groups
214(2)
Table Presentation
216(4)
Accessible Tables
220(6)
Responsible Layout Tables
226(6)
14. Frames
232(15)
Introduction to Frames
232(2)
Basic Frameset Structure
234(5)
Frame Function and Appearance
239(2)
Targeting Frames
241(3)
Frame Design Tips and Tricks
244(3)
15. Forms
247(26)
The Basic Form Element
248(2)
Form Controls
250(13)
Accessibility Features
263(4)
disabled and readonly
267(1)
Affecting Form Appearance
267(6)
Part III. The Presentation Layer: Cascading Style Sheets
16. Cascading Style Sheets Fundamentals
273(24)
CSS in a Nutshell
273(1)
The Benefits of CSS
274(1)
How CSS Works
275(1)
Rule Syntax
275(3)
Adding Styles to a Document
278(5)
Key Concepts
283(8)
Specifying Values
291(2)
Browser Support
293(1)
For Further Reading
294(3)
17. Selectors
297(10)
Type (Element) Selector
297(1)
Contextual Selectors
298(1)
Class and ID Selectors
299(2)
Attribute Selectors
301(1)
Pseudoselectors
302(5)
18. Font and Text Properties
307(30)
Typography on the Web
307(3)
Font Family
310(2)
Font Size
312(6)
Other Font Settings
318(4)
Text Transformation (Capitalization)
322(1)
Text Decoration
323(2)
Line Height
325(2)
Text Alignment Properties
327(5)
Text Spacing
332(3)
Text Direction
335(2)
19. Basic Box Properties
337(18)
The Box Model, Revisited
338(3)
Width and Height
341(3)
Margins
344(3)
Borders
347(5)
Padding
352(3)
20. Color and Backgrounds
355(13)
Foreground Color
355(2)
Background Color
357(1)
Background Images
358(10)
21. Floating and Positioning
368(24)
Normal Flow
368(1)
Floating
369(6)
Positioning Basics
375(10)
Absolute Positioning
385(4)
Fixed Positioning
389(1)
Relative Positioning
390(2)
22. CSS for Tables
392(14)
The Essence of Tables
392(4)
Styling Tables
396(2)
Borders
398(3)
Table Layout (Width and Height)
401(2)
Table Display Values
403(3)
23. Lists and Generated Content
406(13)
CSS for Lists
406(6)
Generated Content
412(7)
24. CSS Techniques
419(29)
Centering a Page
419(2)
Two-Column Layouts
421(3)
Three-Column Layouts
424(8)
Boxes with Rounded Corners
432(4)
Image Replacement
436(4)
CSS Rollovers
440(3)
List-Based Navigation Bars
443(3)
CSS Techniques Resources
446(2)
25. Managing Browser Bugs: Workarounds, Hacks, and Filters
448(17)
Working with "Troubled" Browsers
448(1)
The Browsers
449(10)
Hack and Workaround Management 101
459(6)
Part IV. The Behavioral Layer: JavaScript and the DOM
26. Introduction to JavaScript
465(23)
A Little Background
465(1)
Using JavaScript
466(2)
JavaScript Syntax
468(16)
Event Handling
484(2)
The Browser Object
486(1)
Where to Learn More
487(1)
27. DOM Scripting
488(27)
A Sordid Past
488(1)
Out of the Dark Ages
489(1)
The DOM
489(2)
Manipulating Documents with the DOM
491(10)
Working with Style
501(1)
DOM Scripting in Action
502(5)
Supplement: Getting Started with Ajax
507(8)
Part V. Web Graphics
28. Web Graphics Overview
515(14)
Web Graphic File Formats
515(2)
Image Resolution
517(2)
Color on the Web
519(5)
Web Graphics Production Tips
524(5)
29. GIF Format
529(15)
8-Bit Indexed Color
530(1)
LZW Compression
531(2)
Interlacing
533(1)
Transparency
534(2)
Minimizing GIF File Sizes
536(5)
Designing GIFs with the Web Palette
541(3)
30. JPEG Format
544(8)
24-Bit Color
544(1)
JPEG Compression
545(2)
Progressive JPEGs
547(1)
Creating JPEGs
548(1)
Minimizing JPEG File Size
548(4)
31. PNG Format
552(12)
When to Use PNGs
552(2)
PNG Features
554(4)
Platform/Browser Support
558(1)
Creating PNG Files
559(2)
PNG Optimization Strategies
561(2)
For Further Reading
563(1)
32. Animated GIFs
564(11)
How They Work
564(1)
Using Animated GIFs
565(1)
Tools
565(1)
Creating Animated GIFs
566(4)
Optimizing Animated GIFs
570(5)
Part VI. Media
33. Audio on the Web
575(20)
Basic Digital Audio Concepts
575(2)
Using Existing Audio
577(1)
Preparing Your Own Audio
578(3)
Streaming Audio
581(2)
Audio Formats
583(7)
Choosing an Audio Format
590(1)
Adding Audio to a Web Page
590(5)
34. Video on the Web
595(14)
Basic Digital Video Concepts
595(1)
Compression
596(2)
Video File Formats
598(5)
Adding Video to an HTML Document
603(6)
35. The Flash Platform
609(17)
Using Flash on Web Pages
610(2)
Creating Flash Movies
612(3)
ActionScript
615(1)
Adding Flash to a Web Page
616(6)
Integrating Flash with Other Technologies
622(1)
The Flash Player
623(2)
Flash Resources
625(1)
36. Printing from the Web
626(15)
Browser Print Mechanisms
626(1)
Cascading Style Sheets for Print
627(7)
Portable Document Format (PDF)
634(3)
Flash Printing
637
Part VII. Appendixes
A. HTML Elements and Attributes
641(43)
B. CSS 2.1 Properties
684(38)
C. Character Entities
722(11)
D. Specifying Color
733(9)
E. Microformats: Extending (X)HTML
742(5)
Glossary 747(10)
Index 757

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